河南省贫困人口空间分布及其地域特征研究

Research on the Spatial Distribution and Local Features of Poverty-Stricken Population in Henan

在GIS的支持下,构建河南省贫困人口空间数据库,对河南省贫困地区的分布特征、贫困人口空间分布的集散程度、贫困区域划分进行空间可视化表达.结果表明:(1)河南省贫困地区在空间分布上呈现出南多北少,西南、东南多而中部少的特点;(2)河南省贫困人口在周口市、南阳市分布最为集中,新乡市分布最为分散;(3)贫困人口的空间分布表现出相似值之间的空间集聚,并且在总体上趋向集中;(4)豫中、豫西、豫北、豫南、豫东五大地理区域的贫困程度存在显著差异,其中豫南和豫东地区贫困程度最为深刻;(5)根据各地市的贫困程度状况,可以利用Jenks自然断裂法将河南省划分成4个贫困类型区:基本脱贫区、低度贫困区、中度贫困区、高度贫困区.

The poverty-stricken population spatial database in Henan was built with the help of GIS.Furthermore,the distribution characteristics of poverty-stricken areas,the degree of poverty-stricken population agglomeration and diffusion,the division of poverty-stricken areas were visualized to better understand the law of poverty-stricken population distribution.The main conclusions could be drawn as follows:(1)most of Henan poverty-stricken counties distributed in South,Southwest and Southeast,minority of them distributed in north and central area;(2)the poverty-stricken population in Henan was the densest in Zhoukou and Nanyang,and that was the most dispersed in Xinxiang;(3)the spatial distribution of poverty-stricken population showed the agglomeration of similar values.The poverty-stricken population tended to centralize on the whole;(4)there were significant differences of poverty-stricken level in the five geographical regions of central Henan,western Henan,north Henan,south Henan and east Henan,and that was the most serious in south Henan and east Henan;(5)Henan was classified into 4 areas according to the poverty occurrencerate.The four areas were poverty eradication area,mild poverty area,moderate poverty area and severe poverty area.