后期施肥对延后栽培葡萄综合品质的影响

Effects of different fertilization in late growth stage on quality of grape in delayed cultivation

在设施延后栽培条件下,研究了葡萄生长后期施肥对浆果综合品质的影响。结果表明:与当地习惯施肥处理相比,增加P、K肥比例,浆果品质更好;施用磷酸二氢钾肥料的处理,浆果穗重708.00 g,单粒重33.96 g,果实硬度1.40 kg·cm^(-2),可溶性固形物达17.86%,Vc含量7.36 mg·100 g^(-1),果实外观和内在品质均显著优于对照组和当地习惯施肥处理。不同施肥条件下葡萄外观品质和内在品质相关性分析结果表明,葡萄穗重、单粒重、果粒大小、果实硬度与可溶性固形物、酸含量有明显的正相关关系。利用隶属函数法对果实品质进行综合分析,结果表明后期追施较高水平的磷钾肥、不施氮素或少施氮素,葡萄综合品质更优。

Under delayed culture,the effect of fertilization on fruit quality of grape in late growth period was studied.The results showed that the quality of grape with higher proportion of P and K was better than those with regular fertilization.The exterior and interior quality of the grapes for the treatment applied with potassium dihydrogen phosphate was significantly better than those of the control and with regular fertilization treatment.The spike weight,single fruit weight,fruit hardness,soluble solids and the content of Vc were 708.00 g,33.96 g,1.40 kg·cm^-2,17.86%,and 7.36 mg·100 g^-1,respectively,for the treatment applied with potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Correlation analysis of grape appearance quality and interior quality showed that cluster weight,fruit weight,size and fruit hardness had an obvious positive correlation with soluble solid,acid contents.The results of subordinate function values of grape quality index showed the treatment of high levels of P,K fertilizer,but no N or less N had better quality.