基于加权秩和比法的桥梁施工方案优选研究

Optimal Schemes of Bridge Construction Based on Weighted Rank Sum Ration Method

为了解决桥梁施工方案多依靠专家主观经验判断选择及常见桥梁施工方案选择模型复杂繁琐的问题,提出基于加权秩和比法的桥梁施工方案优选模型。首先在咨询专家、资深设计者及施工方的基础上构建大桥桥梁施工建设指标体系,运用云理论实现各个方案定性指标定量化的转换;然后采用熵值法确定施工方案指标权重;最后构建基于熵值法的加权秩和比模型并对桥梁施工方案进行排序及分档,选出最优方案。云理论实现定性指标定量化的转化,能够充分考虑专家对定性指标认识的模糊性和随机性。熵值法确定施工方案指标权重,有效避免了人为主观性问题。构建的加权秩和比模型具有计算过程简单、无需考虑指标量纲、方案选择快速可靠等优点。通过实例分析,结果表明:该模型不仅能够简化桥梁施工方案的筛选过程,还能有效保障方案筛选的客观性。

In order to solve the problem that bridge construction scheme mostly relied on subjective experience of experts judgment and selection model of common bridge construction schemes was complex and cumbersome,the optimization model of bridge construction scheme based on weighted rank sum ratio(RSR)method was proposed.Firstly,the construction index system of bridge was built on the basis of consulting experts,senior designers and construction workers,and cloud theory was used to achieve quantitative transformation of qualitative indicators of each plan.Then,the entropy weight method was used to determine the index weight of the construction scheme.Finally,the weighted RSR model based on entropy method was established;and the construction schemes of bridge were sorted and divided into files to select out the optimal one.Cloud theory could achieve the quantitative transformation of qualitative indicators,which could fully consider the fuzziness and randomness of experts understanding of qualitative indicators.The entropy weight method was used to determine the weight of the scheme index,which could effectively avoid the subjective problem.The proposed weighted RSR model had advantages such as simple calculation process,no consideration of the index dimension as well as fast and reliable scheme selection.Through the example analysis,the results show that the proposed model can not only simplify the selection of bridge construction scheme but also effectively improve the objectivity of the scheme screening.