不同吸附材料及改性处理对三种常见霉菌毒素脱毒效果研究

Study on detoxification effect of different adsorption materials and modification treatments to three mycotoxins

利用季铵盐及载金属离子对5种吸附材料改性处理,测定改性前后其对黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)脱毒效果,分析pH、吸附时间对最佳吸附材料改性前后吸附能力影响及解吸特性,并表征吸附材料结构。结果显示,蒙脱石吸附能力最强,改性处理后对3种毒素吸附能力均显著增加(P<0.05),其中十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(STAC)改性处理后脱毒能力最强。pH和吸附时间对其脱毒能力无显著影响(P>0.05),STAC改性处理显著降低毒素解吸率(P<0.05)。改性后蒙脱石结构疏松,层间距变大,红外光谱中出现STAC特征峰。蒙脱石为5种材料中最佳脱毒材料,对3种毒素脱毒能力最强。季铵盐改性效果优于载金属离子,其中十八烷基三甲基氯化铵处理是最佳改性方式。改性后STAC基团成功插层至蒙脱石分子结构中,增强其对霉菌毒素吸附能力。研究为霉菌毒素吸附剂筛选和改性方式选择提供理论依据。

Five adsorbents were modified by quaternary ammonium salts and metal ions,and the detoxification of aflatoxin B1(AFB1),zearalenone(ZEN)and deoxynivalenol(DON)before and after modification was determined.At the same time,the effects of pH and adsorption time on detoxification ability of the best adsorption material before and after modification were studied.And its structural was characterized.The results showed that the adsorption capacity of montmorillonite was the strongest,and the detoxification ability was significantly increased by modification(P<0.05).The biggest detoxification ability to three mycotoxins were obtained by trimethyl stearyl ammonium chioride(STAC)modified montmorillonite.The pH and adsorption time had no significant effect on detoxification ability(P>0.05).In addition,STAC modification significantly reduced the rate of desorption of montmorillonite(P<0.05).The structure was loose and the spacing between layers was increased after modification.The characteristic peaks of STAC appeared at FTIR analysis.The results showed that the detoxification ability of montmorillonite to three mycotoxins was the biggest among five adsorbents.The modification of quaternary ammonium salt was better than bearing metal ions,and the modification of stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was the best method in all the treatments.The structure of montmorillonite was loose after modification,and the STAC was successfully intercalated into the molecular structure,which was more conducive to strengthening its adsorption capacity to mycotoxins.The study provided a theoretical for screening the mycotoxin adsorbents and modifying methods.