两性花毛葡萄野酿2号芽变株系Y137的鉴定及评价

Identification and evaluation of Y137, a bud mutation strain of hermaphrodite-flower Vitis quinquangularis Rehd. Yeniang No.2

【目的】鉴定评价毛葡萄品种野酿2号的芽变株系Y137,为两性花毛葡萄优良新品种(系)提供亲本材料。【方法】对野酿2号芽变株系Y137进行形态学特征、生物学特性、果实品质特性等方面的观察及测定,以野酿2号为对照进行对比分析;并利用ISSR分子标记对芽变株系Y137进行遗传变异分析。【结果】芽变株系Y137在形态学特征、生物学特性、果实品质特性等方面与野酿2号存在明显差异:芽变株系Y137幼果为圆形,野酿2号幼果为椭圆形;芽变株系Y137成熟期比野酿2号提早7～10 d;芽变株系Y137可溶性总糖含量和糖酸比分别比野酿2号提高66.40%和90.64%,可溶性固形物含量比野酿2号提高15.5%。筛选出的9条引物共扩增出57条条带,多态性条带为7条,多态性比例为12.28%,遗传相似系数为0.8772,说明芽变株系Y137与野酿2号的基因组DNA存在差异,但遗传背景相似度较高。【结论】芽变株系Y137部分果实品质指标优于野酿2号,初步判定其为野酿2号的优良芽变,可作为毛葡萄新品种选育及品种改良的亲本材料。

【Objective】In order to screen out the parental materials of the new varieties(lines)of the hermaphroditeflower Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.,the identification and evaluation of the bud mutation strain Y137 of Yeniang No.2 was carried out.【Method】The morphological characteristics,biological characteristics and fruit quality characteristics of bud mutation strain Y137 were observed and measured,and Yeniang No.2 was used as control for comparative analysis.Genetic variation analysis of bud mutation strain Y137 was performed using ISSR molecular markers.【Result】The bud mutation strain Y137 was different from the parent(Yeniang No.2)in terms of morphological characteristics,biological characteristics and fruit quality characteristics.The young fruit shape of Y137 was round,and that of Yeniang No.2 was oval.Moreover,the mature stage of the bud mutation strain Y137 was 7-10 d earlier than Yeniang No.2.Also,the total soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio of bud mutation strain Y137 increased by 66.40%and 90.64%respectively,and the soluble solids content increased by 15.5%than Yeniang No.2.A total of fifty-seven bands were amplified by the nine selected primers,and seven polymorphic bands were obtained.The polymorphic rate was 12.28%,and the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.8772,indicating that the difference in genomic DNA between the bud mutation strain Y137 and Yeniang No.2 was observed,but the genetic background similarity was high.【Conclusion】Some fruit quality indexes of the bud mutation strain Y137 are better than Yeniang No.2.It can be preliminarily identified that Y137 is a sound bud mutation strain of Yeniang No.2,and can be used as a parent material for breeding new varieties and improving varieties of V.quinquangularis.