土地流转对我国家庭农场发展影响实证分析

An empirical analysis on the impact of land circulation on development of family farms in China

【目的】分析土地流转对家庭农场扩大规模意愿和经营绩效的影响,为促进我国家庭农场科学稳定发展提供对策建议。【方法】通过问卷调查和入户访谈的形式,以湖北省武汉市和安徽省郎溪县的563户家庭农场调查材料为依据,分析土地的流转面积、流转年限、流转合同和流转租金对家庭农场扩大经营规模意愿的影响,以及经营规模对家庭农场经营绩效的影响。【结果】农场主的意愿经营规模与实际经营规模有一定差距,实际经营规模为21.78 ha,意愿经营规模为24.57 ha,调查表明60.75%农场主都愿意扩大经营规模。土地流转面积对家庭农场扩大经营规模意愿有显著影响(P<0.05);对粮食种植类家庭农场来说,经营规模的增加能有效提高农场的经营性净收益,但并未提高单位面积效益。【建议】引导土地有序向家庭农场流转,做好对土地流转的指导和服务,加快构建新型农业社会化服务体系,以促进家庭农场持续稳定发展。

【Objective】The study aimed to analyze the impact of land circulation on the willingness of family farms to expand operation scale and management performance in order to provide suggestions for promoting scientific and stable development of family farms in China.【Method】Based on survey data of 563 family farms in Wuhan,Hubei Province and Langxi,Anhui Province,the method of literature survey combining with intervien survey were used to analyze the impact of land circulation area,circulation period,circulation contract and circulation rent on operation expansion willingness,and the impact of operation scale on management performance of family farms.【Result】It was learned that there was a gap between the willingness of farmers to operate and the actual scale of operations.The actual scale of operations was 21.78 ha,however,the willingness to operate was 24.57 ha,and 60.75%of farmers were willing to expand their operations.The study found that the land transfer area had significant impact on the willingness of family farms to expand their business scale(P<0.05).For grain-growing family farms,the increase in the operating area effectively increased the net operation income of the farm,but it did not increase the unit area benefit.【Suggestion】Following suggestions are proposed in order to promote the sustainable and stable development of family farms:guide the orderly transfer of land to family farms,provide guidance and services for land circulation,and accelerate the construction of a new agricultural socialized service system.