尾矿坝溃坝过程研究

Research on Process of Tailings Dam Break

世界上的各种重大灾害中,尾矿库灾害仅次于地震、霍乱、洪水等灾害而居世界第18位。尾矿坝溃坝过程研究和溃坝灾害风险评估体系建立是保证尾矿库安全运行和减小灾害危害的必要手段。为此,在收集国内外尾矿坝溃坝资料研究的基础上,对尾矿坝溃口砂流流量过程及溃口形成过程进行了分析,使用二维浅水波方程建立了溃坝砂流演进数学模型,并对该数学模型的初始条件、边界条件、计算方法进行了阐述。基于建立的溃坝砂流演进模型,以某尾矿坝为例,进行尾矿坝溃坝灾害的风险分析。案例分析结果表明,所建立的尾矿坝溃坝过程模型是可行和实用的。

Among all the world s major disasters,tailings dam break ranks the 18th only second to the earthquake,cholera and flood damage.Therefore,studies on the failure process of tailings dam break and establishment of tailings dam break risk assessment system is an important means to ensure the tailings dam security and is a necessary method to reduce the disaster of tailings dam break.Based on the researches on tailings dam-break,the evolution and regularity of sand flow in collapse gate and the process of collapse gate of tailings dam are analyzed.The numerical model of evolution and regularity of sand flow is obtained with the 2D shallow water wave equation.The initial condition,boundary conditions and solution process of the proposal model are also presented.Finally,the risk assessment of tailings dam-break is carried out in case of a dam break of a tailing reservoir with the proposed approach.The results of case study show that the mathematical models are feasible and available.