基于马尔科夫链的LoRaWAN网络节点性能分析

Analysis of Node Performance in LoRaWAN Network Based on Markov Chain

低功耗广域网LoRaWAN(Long Range Wide Area Network)能兼顾低功耗与远通信距离,已经应用于很多领域。分析了LoRaWAN协议中A类节点发送数据的过程,据此建立了包含各个状态转移概率的马尔科夫模型。然后,基于SX1278芯片的相关参数对协议模型进行了仿真,并分析了LoRaWAN网络中网关回复时机、节点数量、频段数、链路质量等因素对A类节点发送数据的延时和能耗的影响。仿真结果表明,在单网关且总信道数不变的情况下,减少频段数,延后网关确认回复可以缩短节点发送数据的延时,降低节点发送数据的能耗。这对提升LoRaWAN网络性能具有很强的参考性。

Low-Range Wide Area Network(LoRaWAN)has been applied in many fields with advantages of low power consumption and long distance communication.Markov-based protocol model has been proposed according to data transmission process.Simulation based on parameters of SX1278 was proposed according to this model.Factors influenced the latency and energy consumption were detailed after that,including gateway reply opportunity,number of nodes,number of bands and link quality.Simulations results show that in the case of a single gateway and constant channels,reducing the number of frequency bands and delaying gateway reply opportunity can improve network latency and energy consumption.This paper should be a useful reference for improving the performance of LoRaWAN wireless sensor networks.