农民权利观念、社区伦理转型与精准识别的基层实践困境——基于鄂西湾村扶贫工作的分析

The Concept of Farmers' Rights,the Transformation of Community Ethics and the Grassroots Practical Dilemma of Accurate Identification——Based on the analysis of the poverty alleviation work in Wan Village in the Western part of Hubei Province

精准识别普遍采用自上而下的规模控制与自下而上的民主评议相结合的方式。在国家扶贫政策不断走向规范化、程序化的过程中,基层民主评议却难以有效识别贫困户。基于鄂西湾村扶贫工作的分析发现,基层民主评议中存在少数村民"争贫"与多数村民退出民主评议两种看似相悖的现象。在社区-村民框架下,本文认为在社区伦理转型之下,原子化的村庄不断地再生产"无公德的个人",导致基层民主评议难以发挥作用,最终造成了精准识别的基层实践困境。

Accurate identification in general has adopted the method that combination of the top-down scale control and the bottom-top democratic appraisal,in the process of standardization and routinization of national poverty alleviation policy,but the grassroots democratic appraisal is difficult to identify poor households effectively.Based on the analysis of the poverty alleviation work in Wan village in the Western part of Hubei,there are two kind of phenomena that a few villagers“strive for poverty”and most of villagers quit the democratic appraisal in the grassroots democratic appraisal.Under the framework of community-village,the paper finds that the two kind of phenomena are demonstrated under the background of transition of community ethic,the atomized villages continue to produce“non-morality individual”,which leading to the grass-roots democratic appraisal is difficult to play its due role,resulted in the grassroots practical dilemma of the accurate identification.