美国公共行政学的争论：基于实用主义哲学的一种解释

Arguments in American Public Administration:An Explanation Based on Pragmatism

从美国公共行政学诞生开始,"身份危机"一直伴随左右,争讼纷纭。总结美国公共行政学一百多年来的争论,可以归结为:起源之争、范式之争、问题之争。细察这些争论的内在脉络,都可以发现实用主义的影子。实用主义作为美国的本土哲学,事实上影响着公共行政学的发展取向,从而影响公共行政学争论的厚度和广度。从时空上,实用主义与公共行政学的发展相互重叠;从内在精神上,实用主义的基本特质与公共行政的精神相互印证;从目标取向上,参与式民主为公共行政的价值实现提供了全新的选择。基于实用主义的立场,公共行政学的争论并不是在于制造二元和对立,而是走向某种调和和融合。

Since the birth of American Public Administration,the“identity crisis”has been accompanied by disputes.The controversy on Public Administration in the United States can be attributed to:disputes of origin,disputes of paradigm,and disputes of“question”.Observing the internal context of these disputes,you can find the shadow of pragmatism.Pragmatism,as the native philosophy of the United States,in fact influences the development orientation of Public Administration,and thus affects the thickness and breadth of Public Administration debate.Whether on the time or on space,the development of pragmatism and Public Administration overlap each other;and on the inner spirit,the basic characteristics of pragmatism and the spirit of Public Administration are mutually corroborative;and on the goal orientation,participatory democracy provides a brand new choice for Public Administration.Based on a pragmatic stance,the debate in Public Administration is not about creating duality and opposition,but toward some kind of reconciliation and integration.