油菜收获指数研究进展

Research advances on harvest index of Brassica napus L.

油菜是收获指数较低的作物,但材料间差异显著。研究发现,油菜有充足的"源"和"库",受限因子在"流"。阐明油菜高收获指数形成的遗传机理,可为油菜高产育种提供理论和方法。本文简述了国内外作物收获指数研究概况,较详细地介绍了西南大学近年在油菜收获指数研究方面的进展,其中包括油菜收获指数与主要性状的相关分析,不同环境下高收获指数材料的株型特征、生理生化特征和转录组特征、候选基因定位筛选、蔗糖转运蛋白基因家族和蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因家族成员的研究等,可作为开展油菜高收获指数研究的重要参考。

Harvest index(HI)of Brassia napus L.is relatively low compared to other crops,but significant differences were shown among different varieties.Based on previous studies,the HI of B.napus was restricted by“flow”rather than“source”and“sink”.Clarification of the genetic mechanism of high HI in rapeseed provided theories and approaches for high-yield rapeseed breeding.In this paper,we briefly summarized the researches on crop HI around the world,and introduced the progress on rapeseed HI under different enviornments by the Southwest University.The later included genetic relationship of HI-related traits,plant type,physiological and biochemical characteristics and transcriptome analyses on high HI materials in different environments,mapping and screening of candidate genes,functional analyses on sucrose transporter genes SUC and SWEET,and on sucrose phosphate synthase genes SPS in rapeseed.These progress was expected to be important references for other researches on HI studies of B.napus.