油菜miRNA研究现状与展望

Research progress and prospect of miRNA in Brassica napus

MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类在真核生物体内广泛存在,长度为20～24 nt的内源性非编码小分子RNA,通过介导靶基因的剪切或翻译抑制,实现转录后基因表达调控,对多种生命活动起重要作用。随着高通量测序技术的发展,植物miRNA的研究取得重要进展。油菜是重要的油料作物,目前已挖掘出大量油菜miRNA和靶基因。本文综述了近年来油菜miRNA参与杂种优势、种子发育、多倍化以及逆境胁迫等调控的研究概况,并对miRNA在油菜中的研究进行展望,为今后进一步研究提供参考。

MicroRNA(miRNA)is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs(sRNAs)of 20-24 nt in length which is widespread in eukaryptes.They play crucial regulatory roles in various developmental processes by cleavage target or translation repression at posttranscriptional level.With the improvement of high-throughput sequencing technology,great progress has been made in the studying miRNA of plants.As an important oil crop,a large number of miRNAs and their targets have been discovered in rapeseed,which participate in heterosis,seed development,polyploidy and stress response.In this paper,studies on miRNA involved in the regulation of rapeseed development in recent years were reviewed and prospected,providing references for further studies on function ality of miRNA in the future.