抗寒品种(系)平欧杂种榛坚果经济性状评价

Evaluation on Nut Economic Traits of Cold Resistant Corylus heterophylla × C. avellana

为了解平欧杂种榛坚果经济性状,提高利用价值,以9个抗寒品种(系)平欧杂种榛为研究对象,采用方差分析研究其坚果数量性状的变异规律,分析了不同品种(系)平欧杂种榛坚果数量性状的差异性及各性状之间的相关关系,并对各品种(系)平欧杂种榛进行聚类分析。结果表明:抗寒品种(系)平欧杂种榛坚果单果质量、果仁质量、横径、纵径、侧径、果壳厚度、出仁率等指标之间的比较存在显著性差异。其中,缺陷果仁率的差异最为明显,变异系数高达41.29%;坚果单果质量、坚果三径与出仁率的变异程度相对较小。"82-11"坚果单果质量最大,为2.67 g;"84-254"果仁质量最大,为1.49 g;"84-254"出仁率最高,为61.64%。相关分析表明:坚果质量与果仁质量、果壳厚度呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),而出仁率与这些指标均存在负相关关系。通过聚类分析,可将9个抗寒品种(系)平欧杂种榛划分为3组,其中第一组包括"84-254"、"B-21"、"85-127"、"82-11"、"81-21"、"85-28"等6个品种(系),坚果经济性状最好。

To find out the economic traits and increase the use values of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana,nine varieties of C.heterophylla×C.avellana were selected as the research object to analyze the variations of the quantitative characters by using ANOVA analysis,and analyze the differences between different quantitative traits and the correlation between the traits of hazel nuts by using cluster analysis.The results showed significant differences on horizontal diameters,fruit weight,vertical diameter,lateral diameter,shell thickness,kernel weight,kernel mass percentage of hazel nuts on the cold resistant varieties of C.heterophylla×C.avellana,differences in its hazelnuts quality was most obvious,and the coefficient variation was 41.29%.The quality of“82-11”nuts was the largest,which was 2.67 g,and the quality of“84-254”nuts was the largest,1.49 g,and the highest yield of“84-254”was 61.64%.Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the quality and quality of nuts,nut shell thickness(p<0.01).The kernel mass percentage and these indexes were negatively correlated.By cluster analysis,nine varieties of C.heterophylla×C.avellana could be divided into three groups,in which the first group involved“84-254”,“B-21”,“85-127”,“82-11”,“81-21”and“85-28”with good nut economic traits.