抗SSA抗体阳性者临床特征分析

Clinical Characteristics of Anti-SSA Antibody Positive Patients

目的通过探讨抗SSA抗体阳性人群临床特点,揭示自身免疫疾病(AID)早期特征,以利于早发现、早诊断,降低误诊、漏诊率。方法选取2011年7月—2017年7月保定市第一中心医院健康体检及就诊人群中抗SSA抗体阳性者3 143例为研究对象,记录临床症状和实验室检查结果。结果 3 143例抗SSA抗体阳性者中,男805例,女2 338例,男∶女=1∶2.90。女性关节肿痛、皮肤病变、口眼干燥发生率高于男性,肺部疾病发生率低于男性(P<0.05)。女性尿常规异常率、红细胞沉降率增快发生率高于男性,肝酶谱升高发生率低于男性(P<0.05)。结论针对疲劳乏力、腹部不适、皮肤病变、淋巴结病变、肺部疾病以及实验室检测血常规、尿常规、红细胞沉降率、肝酶谱指标异常者,尤其是男性,应及早行自身抗体检测,以免误诊、漏诊AID。

Objective To explore the early characteristics of autoimmune diseases(AID)by investigating the clinical features of anti-SSA antibodypositive patients,in order to facilitate early detection and diagnosis and reduce misdiagnosis.Methods We chose 3 143 patients as study subjects,who were treated or received physical examination in the Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between July 2011 and July 2017 and were confirmed to be anti-SSA antibody positive.The clinical symptoms and laboratory test results of the patients were collected and analyzed.Results Among the 3 143 anti-SSA antibody-positive subjects,there were 805 males and 2 338 females;the ratio of males to females was 1∶2.90.The incidence of joint swelling and pain,skin lesions,and dry mouth and eyes was higher in female patients than in male patients(P<0.05),and the incidence of lung disease was lower in female patients than in male patients(P<0.05).Female patients had a higher rate of abnormal results in routine urine tests and a greater increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)than did male patients(P<0.05).The incidence of elevated liver enzymes was lower in females than in males(P<0.05).Conclusion For patients with fatigue,abdominal discomfort,skin lesions,lymphadenopathy,and lung diseases,as well as abnormal laboratory test results including routine blood and urine tests,ESR,and liver enzymes,early testing of autoantibodies should be performed to avoid misdiagnosis and failure of diagnosis,especially in male patients.