长江经济带湖北段旅游经济差异的时空特征及影响因素分析

Research on spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors for tourism economy difference in Hubei section of Yangtze River Economic Belt

湖北处于长江经济带的中段,对于长江国际黄金旅游带建设有着举足轻重的作用.以长江经济带湖北段为研究对象,运用基尼系数、锡尔指数等方法,对1998年~2016年旅游经济差异的空间特征和演化情况进行分析,探讨其影响因素,提出优化建议.结果表明:1)长江经济带湖北段国内和入境旅游经济的空间差异虽有小幅减小,但差异仍较大,入境旅游经济差异明显大于国内旅游;2)国内和入境旅游经济总体差异均主要来源于地带内差异,东部城市群内部差异是地带内差异的主要贡献者;3)旅游吸引物、交通可达性、社会经济发展水平和政策因素影响着长江经济带湖北段的旅游经济区域差异.长江经济带湖北段的旅游业还处于以极化为主的发展阶段,政府应从整体上进行布局和规划,充分利用武汉的发展优势,将宜昌、咸宁、荆州和恩施培育成增长极,发挥"黄金水道"联动东西两大城市群的作用,促进区域旅游协调发展.

Reasonable regional tourism economic distribution structure is essential for tourism development coordination and integration within the international golden Yangtze river tourism belt.Eight cities in Hubei section of the Yangtze River Economic Zone are considered as research objects,with domestic tourism income and inbound tourism income from 1998 to 2016 as measure indexes.Hubei locates in Central China,along the middle stream of Yangtze river.And there are eight prefectures within the Hubei Section of Yangtze River Economic Belt(HSYREB),which is grouped into the eastern urban part and the western ecological part.Taking the HSYREB as study case,this paper explored the Spatio-temporal tourism econmomy differences there by measuring,comparing the values of Gini coefficient and Theil index of both domestic tourism revenue and inbound tourism revenue from 1998 to 2016.Influencing factors for the formation of this spatio-temporal differences was also investigated qualitatively.It concluded that,1)according to the values of Gini coefficient and Theil index during 1998 to 2016,a slight while significant decrease showed in spatial difference of domestic and inbound tourism economic within the HSYREB,and domestic tourism economy differences was less than that of inbound tourism.2)Due to great difference in the eastern urban part of HSYREB,the within-region inequality was dominant over all regional difference of tourism economy.3)Tourism attractions,traffic accessibility,social and economic development level and policy factors were demonstrated to be the primary factors influencing regional tourism economic inequality in HSYRTEB.The regional polarization trend of tourism economy,centered around Wuhan city,in HSYREB was also witnessed,and Wuhan,the capital city of Hubei province and the biggest metropolis of central China,has absorbed most benefits of regional development.Policy makers and government should take the entire HSYRET into consideration and for making regional tourism development plan,they should also make full use of the advantages of Wuhan city to push Yichang,Xianning,Jingzhou and Enshi,to develope into three sub-polars of tourism economy in HSYREB.Yangtze river,the"golden waterway"in China should play more important role for connecting the eastern and western part of HSYREB,and for promoting the regional tourism coordination and integration.