微等离子体发射光谱技术的研究进展

Advances in Microplasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

微等离子体是被限制在一个有限空间范围内的等离子体,其作为一种新型激发源具有能耗低、体积小、价格低等优点,在发射光谱仪器的微型化发展中展现了巨大的应用潜力。该文介绍了近年来基于微等离子体激发源构建的发射光谱(OES)系统在分析化学领域中的新应用。目前,微等离子体OES系统不仅能够直接测定气相或液体中的分析物,还可与气相色谱(GC)、化学蒸气发生(CVG)、电热蒸发(ETV)、微电渗析(μED)、毛细管电泳(CE)等多种技术联用,极大地扩展了该系统的应用范围。而提高微等离子体本身的激发能力,选择合适的进样方式,有望使微等离子体OES系统的性能得到进一步的提升。同时,相关仪器设备的开发将为痕量元素的现场分析提供可靠的手段。

Microplasma is produced by confining the dimension of plasma to a limited space.As a new type of excitation source,microplasma has the advantages of low power consumption,small size and low cost,and shows a great application potential in the miniaturization of optical emission spectrometric instruments.In this paper,the new applications of optical emission spectrometric(OES)systems based on microplasma excitation sources in the field of analytical chemistry are introduced.At present,microplasma OES system is not only able to use in the direct determination of analytes in gas or liquid phase,but also possesses a series of coupling techniques with gas chromatography(GC),chemical vapor generation(CVG),electrothermal vaporization(ETV),microelectrodialysis(μED)and capillary electrophoresis(CE),greatly expanding the scope of its application.In the future,the performance of the microplasma OES system will be further improved by enhancing the excitation capability of the microplasma itself and choosing a suitable sampling approach.At the same time,the development for related instruments will provide a reliable tool for the field analysis on trace elements.