我国老年社会工作者的能力建设:现状分析与核心指标

Capacity Building of Gerontological Social Worker in China:Situation Analysis and Core Index

近二十年来,随着我国老年社会工作服务的充分发展,老年社会工作者的价值理念、学科理论、服务程序、实务领域和团队合作也得以加强,但老年社会工作者能力建设的相关研究却很薄弱,尤其是核心能力的研究急需加强。研究发现,老年社会工作者的核心能力包括价值、知识以及技巧三个层面,具体包括年龄平等、全人健康、文化互动、健康促进、社会照顾、个案管理、生命回顾、临终关怀、哀伤辅导以及危机干预等十个指标。根据群体特征与服务层面的差异,老年社会工作者核心能力需要从制度设计、模式提炼、专业教育和实务训练等四个方面进行系统性、规范性的培育。

In recent 20 years,along with the development of gerontological social service,the value concept,discipline theory,service procedures,and the team cooperation of gerontological social workers are strengthened,but the related research,especially that on the need to strengthen core competence,is weak.The study found that the core competence of elderly social workers includes value,knowledge and skills.Specifically,it includes such ten indexes as age equality,holistic health,cultural interaction,health promotion,social care,case management,life review,hospice care,grief counseling and crisis intervention.According to the differences of group characteristics and service levels,core ability of elderly social workers needs to be cultivated systematically from the four aspects of system design,model abstraction,professional education and practical training.