不同施肥模式对盐碱化稻作土壤细菌群落的影响

Effects of different fertilization patterns on the bacterial community dynamic in saline-alkali paddy soil

为了提高盐碱化土壤肥力,确定适宜的施肥模式,以宁夏银北西大滩核心试验站的盐渍化荒地为对象,采用Illumina高通量测序分析法研究了脱硫废弃物与有机肥不同施肥模式1)对照Control(不施脱硫废弃物和有机肥),2) T1处理(脱硫废弃物31 250 kg·hm^(-2)),3) T2处理(31 250 kg·hm^(-2)+有机肥10 000 kg·hm^(-2)),4) T3(31 250kg·hm^(-2)+有机肥18 000 kg·hm^(-2)),5) T4(脱硫废弃物31 250 kg·hm^(-2)+有机肥25 000 kg·hm^(-2))对盐碱化稻作土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比施用脱硫废弃物31 250 kg·hm^(-2)和有机肥25 000 kg·hm^(-2)处理组(T4)显著增加了水稻土壤有机碳(6.74%)、碱解氮(37.20%)、速效磷(47.83%)、铵态氮含量(96.26%)。测序结果表明,土壤中Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Gemmatimonadetes,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Spirochaetes,Euryarchaeota和Nitrospirae为排名前10位的优势菌群,占总分类单元的96.05%～94.32%。主成分分析发现,施用脱硫废弃物和有机肥可以显著的影响细菌群落结构,土壤细菌群落的α多样性指数随着有机肥含量的增加而增加。T4处理组土壤细菌群落结构与其它处理差异显著。在属水平,包括盐单胞菌(Halomonas)、Sulfurimonas以及Lutibacter在内的12个优势细菌属的相对丰度在T4处理组显著增加(P<0.05)。RDA分析表明盐碱化土壤碱解氮和铵态氮含量分别解释了水稻土壤细菌群落结构变异的16.9%和14.0%(P<0.05)。这些结果均表明短期不同施肥模式下对盐碱化稻作土壤具有一定的改良效果。

Effects of flue gas desulfurization gypsum by-products and organic fertilizer combinations patterns on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities in rice yield were assessed to improve the fertility of saline-alkali soil and determine the best fertilization patterns.Paddy soil from replicated plots representing five treatments were collected at a research site in Ningxia,China.The method,Illumina pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene amplifications was used to analyze soil bacterial community diversity and structure.Our results showed that soil organic carbon(6.74%),alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen(37.20%),available P(47.83%)and NH+4-N(96.26%)were increased significantly in paddy soils of flue gas desulfurization gypsum by-products and organic fertilizer when compared with control soil.In all samples,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Gemmatimonadetes,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Spirochaetes,Euryarchaeota and Nitrospirae were the most dominant bacterial phyla representing 96.05%~94.32%of all taxon tags.The soil bacterial community was affected by short term different fertilization patterns by principal co-ordinates analysis.Theα-diversity index of the bacterial community structure increased with organic fertilizer addition.At the genus level,the relative abundance of 11 dominant bacterial genus,such as Halomonas,Sulfurimonas and Lutibacter were significantly accumulated in the paddy soil of T4 treatment.Redundancy analysis indicated that alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen and NH+4-N exerted strong influences on the structure of the paddy soil bacterial community and explained 16.9%and 14.0%(P<0.05)of community variances between samples,respectively.Our results suggest that short-term different fertilization patterns of saline-alkali paddy soil is improved effectively in the treatment 4.The treatment of flue gas desulfurization gypsum by-products 31 250 kg·hm-2 and organic fertilizer 25 000 kg·hm-2(T4)affected on the structure of the paddy soil bacterial community.