核心稳定性测试与女子排球运动员急停起跳高度特征的相关性研究

Correlation between Core Stability Measurements and Scram and Jumping Height Feature for the Volleyball Players

目的:探讨排球运动员核心稳定性与急停起跳高度特征之间的相关关系。方法:选取20名排球专业队一级水平运动员,运用三维测力台、高速摄像机及运动解析系统采集被试者急停起跳过程中的动力学和运动学数据;采用侧向平板支撑、侧抛实心球、仰卧起坐、躯干屈伸、优势侧单腿站立、优势侧单腿跳远和躯干伸肌耐力7项核心稳定性测试收集被试者的相关数据。结果:运动员在急停起跳过程中,蹬伸阶段的足底压力越大,起跳高度越大;运动员膝关节屈角介于105°至115°之间时,其急停起跳高度值最大;优势侧单腿跳远、躯干屈伸及侧抛实心球主效应均显著,其余核心稳定性测试未表现出显著效应,且此3项核心稳定性测试均与急停起跳高度具有显著的正向线性相关关系。结论与建议:足底压力特征能使急停起跳高度产生相应变化,建议重点加强动量转化与下肢发力训练;膝关节屈角影响排球运动员急停起跳高度,建议训练时将急停起跳环节进行专项化训练,且训练时采用105°至115°的膝关节屈角范围;优势侧单腿跳远、躯干屈伸及侧抛实心球是预测和改善急停起跳高度的有效指标,建议训练时采用并强化此3项核心稳定性的练习,且以其测试距离最大化为训练目标。

Objective:To explore the correlation between the core stability of volleyball players and the height characteristics of sudden stop jump.Methods:Twenty first-level players of the professional volleyball team were selected to collect the dynamic and kinematic data of the subjects in the process of abrupt stopping and jumping using a three-dimensional force table,a high-speed camera and a motion analysis system.The data of the subjects were collected by seven core stability tests,including side plank support,side solid ball throwing,sit-up,trunk flexion and extension,superior side single leg standing,superior side single leg long jump and trunk extensor endurance.Results:The higher the plantar pressure was,the higher the takeoff height.When the knee Angle of the athlete was between 105 and 115 degrees,the height of the jump was the maximum.The main effects of single leg long jump,trunk flexion and extension and side throwing solid ball on the dominant side were all significant,while no significant effects were shown in other core stability tests.Moreover,all three core stability tests had a signific肌t positive line虹correlation with the height of sudden stop jump.Conclusions and Suggestions:The ch批acteristics of plantar pressure the height of jerky jump change correspondingly.The knee Angle affects the height of the jerk-stop jump of volleyball players.It is suggested to carry out special training for the jerk-stop Angle during training,and the knee Angle range from 105 to 115 degrees is used during training.The superior side single leg long jump,trunk flexion and extension and side throwing solid ball are the effective indicators to predict and improve the height of the sudden stop jump.It is suggested to adopt and strengthen these three core stability exercises in training,and take the maximum test distance as the training goal.