行政诉讼原告适格的法律定界与司法审查

Legal Definition and Judicial Review of Eligibility of Plaintiff in Administrative Litigation

源于立法价值的审慎考量和权衡,行政诉讼原告资格的立法语言呈一种模糊、渐进演变之混沌态势。无论行政法理论抑或诉讼实践,原告的资格及其如何认定问题均存在见仁见智的不同解读,这造就了司法自由裁量的恣意空间,实质上阻碍了行政法制的进步和发展。围绕立案登记制度变革的新形势,在强调诉权保护与滥诉防范的双重语境下,行政诉讼原告适格之判定理应达致相对清晰的程度和相对明确的标准,即基于行政诉讼的制度功能,围绕利害关系和诉的利益之"行政性"内涵要件,识别行政法上请求权之核心要素,以此作为"具有行政诉权"和原告适格的定界标准,正本清源,进而彰显行政法治的刚性和与时俱进。

Based on the consideration of the value of legislation,the legislative language is in vagueness and gradual changing condition.Whether in terms of administrative law theory or litigation practice,the eligibility of the plaintiff and methods of identification are confronted with different interpretations,which has caused arbitrariness in discretion and,in fact,it has hindered the progress and development of administrative legal system.Under the new situation of registration system for case filing and the intention to protect litigation right and to prevent the abuse of litigation,the identification of eligibility of administrative plaintiff should be clear and explicit.Therefore,we should base our identification on the function of administrative litigation,concentrate on the“administrative”meaning of interest relationship and the litigation interest,and identify the core element of right of claim under the administrative law,all of which should be regarded as the criterion for the eligibility of the plaintiff.Only in this way can we conduct a radical reform,reveal the rigidity of the administrative law,and advance with the times.