大理河流域退耕还林工程对生态系统服务功能的影响

Effect of Grain for Green Project on Ecosystem Service in Dali River Basin

以大理河流域为研究区,应用InVEST生态系统服务功能评估模型,结合1980年、1985年、1990年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年该流域的土地利用/土地覆被资料,定量评价了退耕还林工程对碳储量、土壤保持和水源涵养生态服务功能的影响。结果表明:(1)研究区30年间土地利用/土地覆被情况变化显著,其中林地和建设用地面积分别增加了31.52,0.65km^2,耕地、草地和水域的面积分别减少了2.49,27.32,2.36km^2;(2)研究区30年间碳储量值略有增加,不同土地利用类型碳储存能力从大到小的排序分别为林地>草地>耕地;(3)研究区30年间土壤保持量整体上以增加为主,耕地土壤保持能力明显低于林地和草地;(4)研究区30年间水源涵养量略有减少,不同土地利用/土地覆被类型的水源涵养量各有不同,且与当年降雨量关系密切。本研究通过对大理河流域生态系统服务功能进行评估,获得了研究区退耕还林工程的生态效果,可以为日后生态规划提供科学依据。

The effect of Grain for Green Project on ecosystem service was evaluated by the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model in the Dali River Basin.The land use/land cover data of 1980,1990,1995,2000,2005 and 2010 years were used to calculate the ecosystem services of carbon storage,soil conservation and water conservation.Under the Grain for Green Project,ecosystem services mainly increased in the basin.The main conclusions were as follows.(1)In the past 30 years,the land use/land cover of the study area changed significantly,that forest and urban areas increased by 31.52 km 2 and 0.65 km 2,respectively,while the areas of farmland,grassland and water body decreased by 2.49 km 2,27.32 km 2 and 2.36 km 2,respectively.(2)Carbon storage volume had steadily increased in the 30 years.Forestland had the most significant carbon sequestration,followed by grassland,and the farmland.(3)Soil conservation mainly increased in the basin.The soil conservation capacity of farmland was obviously lower than those of woodland and grassland.(4)Water conservation little decreased in the study area in the past few decades.The water conservation not only depended on the land use/land cover,but also the annual rainfall.This study evaluates the effect Grain for Green Project on ecosystem service of Dali River Basin,which can provide scientific reference for future ecological planning.