基于PSR模型的生态移民安置区土地利用系统健康评价——以红寺堡区为例

Evaluation of Health of Land Use System in Ecological Resettlement Area Based on PSR Model——A Case Study of Hongsibu Area

以我国最大的生态扶贫移民集中区——宁夏红寺堡区为研究对象,构建基于PSR模型的土地利用系统健康评价指标体系,综合运用熵权法、综合指数法、灰色关联度模型等方法对红寺堡安置区土地利用健康状况进行了评价。结果显示:2009—2015年红寺堡生态移民安置区土地利用系统健康评价指数呈现出逐年上升的变化趋势,由2009年的0.310 9增加到2015年的0.692 7,其健康等级由不健康上升至亚健康状态;研究期间土地利用系统压力指数变化比较稳定,状态指数和响应指数呈现上升趋势;各乡镇由于自然生态环境和社会经济发展水平存在较大差异,研究期间土地利用系统健康水平空间格局变化明显,且存在较大差异;人口自然增长率和人口土地负荷量以及城市绿地覆盖率、空气质量状况、城市污水处理率和垃圾无害化处理率以及环保投资额等指标与土地利用系统健康性评价综合指数的关联度较高,表明研究区土地利用健康状况与人口数量以及生态环境质量密不可分,因此在提高研究区土地利用效益和制定相关土地规划和政策时,应注重人口和生态对土地利用可持续发展的影响。

Hongsibu District of Ningxia,the largest ecological immigrant settlement area in China was selected as the case of study.The index system of evaluation of health of land use system was constructed based on PSR model.Land use health of resettlement area was evaluated by using the methods of entropy method,comprehensive index and gray relational degree.The results showed that the health evaluation index of land use system of Hongsibu Ecological Resettlement Area presented the increasing trend year by year from 2009 to 2015,increased from 0.310 9 in 2009 to 0.692 7 in 2015,and its health level rose from unhealthy to sub-healthy state;during the study period,the pressure index of land use system changed steadily,and the state index and response index showed the upward trend;due to the great differences in natural ecological environment and socio-economic development level,the spatial pattern of land use system health level changed significantly during the study period;natural population growth rate,population and land load,urban green space coverage,air quality status,urban sewage treatment rate and garbage harmlessness treatment rate,and the amount of environmental protection investment and other indicators were related to comprehensive index of health evaluation of land use system.The higher degree indicated that the health status of land use in the study area was inseparable from the population and the quality of the ecological environment.Therefore,with respect to improving the land use efficiency and formulating relevant land planning and policies in the study area,attention should be paid to the impacts of population and ecology on the sustainable development of land use.