不同产地燕麦干草养分及饲用价值

Evaluation of nutritional and feeding value of oat hay from different regions

本研究以山西燕麦、甘肃燕麦和澳洲燕麦(Avena sativa)干草为研究对象,分别用常规方法和近红外检测法(NIRS)测定养分并评估其饲用价值。结果表明,NIRS测定粗灰分(Ash)含量差异显著(P<0.05),其中澳洲燕麦干草的Ash含量最低;NIRS测定燕麦干草的粗脂肪(EE)含量表现为山西燕麦>甘肃燕麦>澳洲燕麦,且差异显著(P<0.05)。两种方法测定粗蛋白(CP)、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量结果相似,其中山西燕麦干草的CP含量最高,澳洲燕麦干草的CP含量最低;澳洲燕麦干草的WSC含量最高,但NDF、ADF含量最低,同时澳洲燕麦干草的4种矿物元素(Ca、P、K、Mg)含量均最低。通过养分数据计算总可消化养分(TDN)、相对饲喂价值(RFV)、相对牧草品质(RFQ)和奶吨指数(MT),进而评估燕麦干草饲用价值。结果表明,澳洲燕麦干草的TDN、RFV和RFQ均最高;两种方法均显示澳洲燕麦干草的MT最高;甘肃燕麦干草的TDN、RFV、RFQ以及Ton DM均最低。综上所述,虽然山西燕麦干草和甘肃燕麦干草的燕麦干草CP含量较高,但是因为NDF和ADF含量高,品质与澳洲进口燕麦尚有较大差距。

We evaluated the nutritional and feed value of oat hay(Avena sativa)grown in Shanxi(SO),Gansu(GO),and Australia(AO)by the conventional method and near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS).Based on this experiment,nutrient content measured by the conventional method and NIRS had similar trends,where AO had the lowest ash content(P<0.05).The EE content in SO measured by NIRS was the highest,followed by that in GO and AO.The CP,WSC,NDF,and ADF contents determined by the two methods had similar values.The CP of SO was the highest,while it was the lowest for AO.AO had the highest WSC content and the lowest NDF and ADF contents.Furthermore,the content of four mineral elements(Ca,P,K,Mg)in AO was the lowest(P<0.05).This experiment used nutrient data to calculate total digestible nutrients(TDN),relative feed value(RFV),relative forage quality(RFQ),and MT(kg milk·ton-1 DM)to evaluate the feed value of oat hay.Results indicated AO to have the highest TDN,RFV,and RFQ,while MT was the highest for AO;TDN,RFV,RFQ,and MT were the lowest for GO.This experiment showed that CP content in SO and GO was relatively high,but it also led to an increase in the content of NDF and ADF;there was still a large gap between these two sample groups and AO.