遮阴对葎草构件性状及生物量结构影响的性别差异

Sex-related differences in component traits and biomass structure of Humulus scandens under shading condition

以雌雄异株攀援草本植物葎草(Humulus scandens)为材料,设置不同遮阴度(0、25%、50%、75%),测定雌、雄株的构件性状、水分分配、生物量结构及根冠比,分析遮阴对葎草结构形成和生长策略影响的性别差异。结果表明,遮阴对葎草叶性状的影响为叶宽>叶长>叶厚,对茎性状的影响为茎长>茎径>节间长,叶长、叶宽、茎长和节间长存在性别差异(P<0.05);遮阴对单叶面积、总叶面积、叶面积比率、比叶面积均有极显著影响(P<0.01),遮阴可增加雌株但显著减小雄株的总叶面积(P<0.05);遮阴对单株生物量、茎叶水分含量和生物量分配及单株根冠比有显著影响(P<0.05),虽雄株总生物量显著大于雌株,但雌株茎分配显著大于雄株,且叶、根分配无性别差异。雌、雄株采用改变构件性状和生物量结构,形成与性别分化匹配的对不同遮阴度的生长策略。

In this study,the dioecious climbing herb Humulus scandens was used as the study material,and four degrees of shade(0,25%,50%,75%)were measured.Some indexes including physical traits of the plant,water distribution,biomass structure,and root-shoot ratio of male and female plants were determined.The purpose was to analyze the sex-related differences in morphology and growth strategy of H.scandens under varying shade condition.The results showed that:shading had a significant effect on morphology(P<0.05),with the influence on different morphology components of different plant parts being in the order leaf width>leaf length>leaf thickness and stem length>stem diameter>internode length(P<0.05).Sex-related differences were found in leaf length,leaf width,stem length,and internode length(P<0.05).All degrees of shade had high significant effects on single leaf area,total leaf area,leaf area ratio,and specific leaf area(P<0.01).Shade increased the total leaf area of female plants,but significantly reduced that of the male plants(P<0.05).Shade had significant effect on biomass,water content,biomass distribution,and root-shoot ratio of single plants.Although the total biomass of the male plants was significantly larger than that of the female plants,stem biomass of the female plants was significantly larger than that of the male plants.No sex-related difference was found between leaf and root distribution.Female or male plants both had their growth strategies matched with sex differentiation under shade condition by changing component traits and biomass structure.