毫米波气象雷达发展与应用

Development and Application of Millimeter Wave Weather Radar

相比于微波,毫米波的频率更高、波长更短、频率范围更宽,对于大气中云粒子等微小粒子的探测具有高时空分辨率等优势。毫米波气象雷达可以实现对大气、云、气溶胶等更精确的观测,可以提高现有气象数值预报的准确性,可以探测和预报极端性气象灾害的发生。鉴于毫米波气象雷达在大气探测领域的诸多独有优势,毫米波气象雷达的发展和应用已经成为中国未来气象探测装备发展的重要方向。本文介绍了毫米波雷达技术的发展、特点及其典型应用,探讨了毫米波气象雷达在大气探测中的应用,并总结了作者在毫米波气象雷达研究方面取得的研究成果。最后展示了毫米波气象雷达发展中存在的主要问题和关键技术。

Compared with microwave,millimeter wave has higher frequency,shorter wavelength and wider frequency range.And it has advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution for detecting small particles such as cloud particles in the atmosphere.Therefore,millimeter wave weather radar can realize more accurate observation of atmosphere,cloud,aerosol,etc.It can improve the accuracy of existing meteorological numerical forecast,and can detect and forecast the occurrence of extreme weather disasters.In view of the unique advantages of millimeter-wave weather radar in the field of atmospheric detection,the development and application of millimeter-wave weather radar has become an important direction of the future development of meteorological detection equipment in China.This paper introduces the development,characteristics and typical applications of millimeter wave radar technology,discusses the application of millimeter wave meteorological radar in atmospheric detection,and introduces the research results of millimeter wave meteorological radar.Finally,the main problems and key technologies in the development of millimeter wave meteorological radar are presented.