基于分数阶PID控制器的地铁列车优化控制研究

Research on Optimal Control of Subway Train Based on Fractional Order PID Controller

城市轨道交通运力需求的快速增长,使得地铁列车的行车间隔不断缩小,准点要求越来越高,这对列车运行控制算法的精度和鲁棒性提出了更高要求。本文将分数阶PID控制器引入地铁列车的速度控制,并进行优化研究。建立地铁列车的运动模型,该模型参考牵引制动特性,采用遗传算法修正列车基本阻力系数。基于该模型将分数阶PID控制算法应用于ATO系统的速度控制中。仿真对比分数阶PID控制算法与传统PID控制算法,采用现场数据对建立的模型和算法进行检验。研究结果表明新模型能够更加准确地描述列车的运动特性,当分数阶PID控制算法应用于调速控制后,可以使列车实现更优的速度控制和稳定性。

The rapid increasing demand for urban rail transit capacity requires shorter headway of subway trains and higher punctuality,which puts forward higher requirements for the accuracy and robustness of train operation control algorithm.In this paper,the fractional order PID controller was introduced into the speed control of subway trains and the optimization research was carried out.The movement model of the subway train was established.The model referred to the traction and braking characteristics and used the genetic algorithm to correct the basic resistance coefficient of the train.The fractional order PID control algorithm was applied to the speed control of ATO system based on this model.Simulations were conducted to compare the fractional order PID control algorithm with the traditional PID control algorithm,and the field data were used to test the established model and the algorithm.The results show that the new model can describe the movement characteristics of the train more accurately.When the fractional order PID control algorithm is applied to the speed control,the train can achieve better speed control and stability.