汉学研究认知途径的历史转型及其影响因素

A Cognitive Approach Turn of Sinology and its Influencing Factors

早期西方汉学形成了以中国传统文史哲为基础的汉学研究认知基础。经过汉学研究范式的几次转型,西方汉学研究认知途径也从语言基础论、比较论转向同一论、合作论。西方汉学研究认知途径的转型与世界格局的变化、当代中国的崛起、汉学研究方法的实证化转型等诸多因素相关。分析西方汉学研究认知途径的转型及其影响因素的同时应该注意,外来理论运用于中国实际语境时解释力会有局限,对这些自西方经验总结出来的汉学研究成果,既不要盲目地全部否定也不能不加分辨地全部接受,而是要立足中国文化实境,重新理解"文化中国"的精神维度。

Western sinology lays its cognitive basis on traditional Chinese literature,history and philosophy at it early stage.Having gone through several shifts in its research paradigms,the cognitive approach of western sinology turns from language-based and comparative principles into identity and cooperative principles,which connected with many factors,such as a change of the world pattern,a rise of contemporary China and the empirical transformation of the research methods of Sinology.However,we should not reject or accept these theories without serious analysis because the limitations always occur during the application of theory in the actual contextual interpretations.We should base on the real context of Chinese culture and analyze the spirit of the“Cultural China”.