典型南北城市秋冬季雾霾污染差异分析

Analysis of Haze Pollution Differences in Autumn and Winter in Typical North and South Cities

此次研究主要分析了两座典型的南北城市—北京和南京的近四年(2014至2017)秋冬季雾霾。首先,北京地区的污染程度整体高于南京,这与两地所处环境的工业情况有关。颗粒物浓度与能见度之间都呈现显著的反相关关系。此外两地的污染状况都有逐年改善的趋势。两地污染特征中,较为显著的不同体现在湿度的影响上,北京地区的湿度对于雾霾有显著贡献,而南京地区由于常年高湿,湿度对其影响较小。北京地区的采暖季对冬季雾霾的出现有显著影响,但在煤改气政策实施下,采暖季的影响减小,说明该举措对北京雾霾控制的有效性。两地的气态污染物中,NO_2浓度都高于SO_2,说明之后雾霾控制的开展应当以NO_2为主。

This study mainly analyzes the haze in autumn and winter in the past four years(2014-2017)in two typical north and south cities,Beijing and Nanjing.First of all,the pollution level in Beijing is higher than that in Nanjing as a whole,which is related to the industrial situation of the environment in which the two places are located.There is a significant inverse correlation between particle concentration and visibility.In addition,the pollution situation in both places has a tendency to improve year by year.Among the pollution characteristics of the two places,the more obvious difference is reflected in the influence of humidity.The humidity in Beijing area has a significant contribution to the haze,while the humidity in Nanjing area has little influence due to the high humidity all the year round.The heating season in Beijing has a significant impact on the occurrence of haze in winter.However,under the implementation of the coal-to-gas policy,the impact of the heating season is reduced,which shows the effectiveness of this measure in controlling haze in Beijing.The concentration of NO2 in the gaseous pollutants in both places is higher than that of SO2,which indicates that NO2 should be the main control of haze in the future.