运动性构音障碍的发声空气动力学检查及疗效

Aerodynamic Evaluation and Intervention Effect on Dysarthria

目的观察汉语普通话应用者运动性构音障碍空气动力学检查的特点及康复疗效。方法 2013年7月至2016年12月选取45例运动性构音障碍患者,对所有患者均应用康复生理途径进行康复治疗,共4周。治疗前后采用言语空气动力学系统(PAS6600)测量患者肺活量、最长持续发声及发音效率,并进行比较。结果患者治疗后呼气峰值流量、发音时平均声压级、声门下压和声门阻力均优于治疗前(t>2.474, P<0.05),呼气气流持续时间、呼气量、音调、最长发声时间、平均气流率和发声效率有所改善,但均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同类型构音障碍间喉发声空气动力学参数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论空气动力学检查可作为构音障碍疗效判定的有效工具,但不宜用于各种构音障碍的鉴别或分类诊断。

Objective To explore the aerodynamic features and rehabilitation of patients with dysarthria who speak mandarin.Methods From July,2013 to December,2016,45 patients with dysarthria were rehabilitated with physiologic approach(especially the pushing method)for four weeks.The vital capacity,maximum sustained phonation and voicing efficiency were tested before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the peak expiratory airflow,mean sound pressure level during voicing,subglottal pressure and glottal resistance improved(t>2.474,P<0.05),and no significant improvement was found in the expiratory airflow duration,expiratory volume,pitch,maximum phonation time,mean flow rate and vocal efficiency(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in all the indexes among different types of dysarthria(P>0.05).Conclusion The aerodynamic assessment could be a good tool to evaluate the effects on dysarthria,however,it cannot help to define the various type of dysarthria.