细萼连蕊茶花粉生活力和贮藏力研究

Pollen vitality and storage capacity of Camellia tsofui Chien

研究探索了碳源与温度对细萼连蕊茶(Camellia tsofui Chien)花粉萌发的影响,以期为利用该物种进行山茶杂交育种提供技术支持。采用培养基法,研究了碳源种类(蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖和山梨醇)、浓度(0.146~0.876 mol/L)、低温(5~25℃)或高温(30~40℃)处理以及低温(-80℃)贮藏对长柄山茶花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:花粉在含有0.292 mol/L蔗糖的培养基中萌发率较高,可达20.07%。低温处理(5~25℃)对花粉萌发无不良影响,但高温(≥30℃)处理造成花粉萌发率显著降低。而经35℃处理6 h后,花粉萌发率显著下降至3.17%。室温下自然干燥24 h后于-80℃条件贮藏12个月,花粉萌发率仍可达11.54%。研究表明,蔗糖是细萼连蕊茶花粉培养的适宜碳源;高温(≥30℃)不利于花粉萌发;低温(-80℃)贮藏可在1年内维持花粉较高活力。

This study explored the effects of carbon source and temperature on the pollen germination of Camellia tsofui Chien,in order to provide technical support for the cross breeding of this species.In this work,the effects of the types of carbon sources(sucrose,lactose,glucose,maltose and sorbitol),concentration(0.146~0.876 mol/L),low temperature(5~25℃)or high temperature(30~40℃)and low temperature(-80℃)storage on pollen germination of C.longipetiolata were studied by culture medium method.Pollen germination rate was higher in medium containing 0.292 mol/L sucrose or lactose,up to 20.07%respectively.Low temperature(5~25℃)had no bad effect on pollen germination,but the germination rate of pollen decreased significantly at high temperature(≥30℃).After 6 h treatment at 35℃,the pollen germination rate dropped to 3.17%.Up to 11.54%germination rate was still observed in pollen after 12 months storage under-80℃.The results show that the suitable carbon source of sucrose or lactose long stalk Camellia pollen culture;high temperature(≥30℃)can seriously inhibit the germination of pollen;low temperature(-80℃)storage can maintain the high vitality of pollen within 1 years.