土壤硒含量显著影响黑小麦与普通小麦的硒吸收

Soil Selenium Content Affects Selenium Accumulation in Seeds of Triticale and Bread Wheat

为了解黑小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)与普通小麦养分含量和硒吸收差异特征,通过成熟期田间取样,研究了富硒土壤(马三村,土壤硒质量分数平均值0.874 mg·kg^(-1))和缺硒土壤(韩村,土壤硒质量分数平均值0.205 mg·kg^(-1))对小麦不同器官组织养分及硒含量的影响特征。结果表明,富硒土壤上种植的小麦籽粒样品平均硒质量分数为0.205mg·kg^(-1),变幅为0.138～0.241mg·kg^(-1),95%小麦籽粒达到富硒标准,其中黑小麦籽粒硒质量分数平均为0.239 mg·kg^(-1),全部达到富硒标准。缺硒土壤上种植的小麦籽粒平均硒质量分数为0.040 mg·kg^(-1),变幅为0.030～0.057 mg·kg^(-1),均未达到富硒标准。小麦籽粒富硒程度与土壤硒含量的相关系数为0.954,当土壤硒质量分数达到0.810 mg·kg^(-1)时,小麦籽粒才能达到富硒标准。在硒水平相当的土壤上,黑小麦比普通小麦对硒的积累量大,富硒程度较高。马三村和韩村黑小麦籽粒硒含量平均分别比普通小麦高38.9%和34.2%。此外,黑小麦籽粒中氮和磷元素含量较普通小麦高,但富硒和缺硒土壤对相同品种籽粒N、P、K含量影响不大。因此,黑小麦富含丰富的营养物质,可作为富硒食品源。该研究可为富硒小麦品种与土壤硒含量间的相关关系研究提供理论依据。

This study was to investigate the differences in nutrient concentration and selenium uptake(Se)between triticale(Triticum aestivum L.)and bread wheat.The nutrient including Se contents in different tissues of these two plants grown in Se-accumulated soil(located at Masan Village,0.874 mg·kg^-1 Se)and Se-deficient soil(located at Han Village,0.205 mg·kg^-1 Se)at maturity were measured.The results showed that:the average seed Se mass fraction of bread wheat in Se-accumulated soil was 0.205 mg·kg^-1 ranging from 0.138 to 0.241 mg·kg^-1,with 95%seed meeting standard of Se accumulator whilst the average seed Se mass fraction of triticale was 0.239 mg·kg^-1,with all seed meeting the standard.By contrast,the average seed Se mass fraction of triticale and bread wheat in Se-deficient soil was 0.040 mg·kg^-1 ranging from 0.030 to 0.057 mg·kg^-1,lower than the standard.The Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between content of seed Se and soil Se was 0.954,which meant seed Se could meet the standard when soil Se mass fraction was greater than 0.810 mg·kg^-1.When grown in soil with same Se content,triticale accumulated more Se than bread wheat.The Se content in triticale seeds of Masan Village and Han Village was increased by 38.9%and 34.2%compared to bread wheat.Moreover,N and P content in triticale seeds was greater than bread wheat,whilst N,P and K content in seeds of both species was not affected by the soil type.We conclude that triticale contains higher concentration of nutrients,which is an Se-enriched food source.This study can provide theoretical basis for the correlation study between selenium-rich wheat cultivars and soil selenium content.