金刚石合成用触媒的应用及展望

Application and Prospect of Catalysts in Diamond Synthesis

金刚石是集多种极限性能于一身并可在各种严苛环境下工作的理想材料。触媒材料能降低金刚石高温高压合成条件并使金刚石合成得以工业化。触媒对金刚石的科学研究和工业技术的提高是十分重要的。本文介绍了触媒材料的发现历程及触媒在金刚石合成中的作用机理;从触媒所包含的金属触媒和非金属触媒两大类分别综述了各种触媒的研究现状。在研究上述各触媒在金刚石合成中的合成条件及合成效果的基础上对这两类触媒的使用特点进行了总结。由此指出金属触媒中的合金触媒最适合应用在工业生产上,非金属触媒有利于模拟天然金刚石的成因,具有潜在的研究价值。最后本文对今后触媒的发展方向进行了展望。

Diamond,which can work in a variety of harsh environments,is an ideal material for many extreme performances.Catalyst materials can reduce diamond synthesis conditions and make diamond synthesis industrialize.Catalysts are very important for the improvement of scientific research and the industrial technology of diamonds.In this paper,the origin and the action mechanism of catalysts in diamond synthesis were introduced.The research status of various catalysts were summarized from the two categories of metal catalysts and non-metal catalysts.The characteristics of the use of both categories catalysts were summarized based on the synthesis conditions and synthesis effects of the above catalysts in diamond synthesis.Therefore,it is pointed out that the alloy catalyst of metal catalyst is most suitable for industrial production,and non-metallic catalyst is helpful for simulating the origin of natural diamond with potential research value.In the end,this article gives an outlook on the future development of catalysts.