冠心病病人健康素养现状及其影响因素研究

Status quo of health literacy in patients with coronary heart disease and its influencing factors

[目的]对冠心病病人健康素养现状进行调查,分析其影响因素,为护理工作者建立科学有效的健康教育策略提供依据。[方法]本研究为横断面描述性研究,研究对象为南昌市3所三级甲等综合性医院心内科302例冠心病住院病人。采用病人一般资料调查问卷、慢性病健康素养量表对病人进行问卷调查。[结果]冠心病病人健康素养总分为(62.49±10.56)分,维度得分为:信息获取能力(15.91±8.20)分,交流互动能力(26.70±6.48)分,改善健康意愿(15.62±2.58)分,经济支持意愿(4.27±2.17)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、住院次数是冠心病病人生活质量的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]冠心病病人健康素养处于较低水平,年龄较小、已婚、文化程度高、住院次数多病人健康素养水平较高。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of health literacy in patients with coronary heart disease,analyze its influencing factors,and provide the evidence for nursing workers to establish scientific and effective health education strategies.Methods:This study was a cross sectional descriptive study including 302 patients with coronary heart disease who admitted to the Department of Cardiology in 3 third Grade A general hospitals in Nanchang city.Questionnaires were surveyed using the Patient General Information Questionnaire and the Chronic Disease Health Literacy Scale.Results:The total score of health literacy of patients with coronary heart disease was(62.49±10.56);the dimension score showed(15.91±8.20)in information acquisition ability,(26.70±6.48)in communication interaction ability,(15.62±2.58)in the intention of health improvement,and(4.27±2.17)in economic support willingness.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,marital status,education level and the number of hospitalizations were the main factors affecting the quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease(P<0.05).Conclusions:The health literacy of patients with coronary heart disease was at a low level.The patients who younger,married,high educated,or more hospitalized had higher health literacy level.