骨组织工程中的矿化胶原骨及其复合材料

Application of nano-hydroxylapatite/collagen and its mineralized composites in bone tissue engineering

背景:矿化胶原骨是基于仿生观念制成的骨组织工程支架材料,具有可靠的生物机械性能和良好生物相容性,被广泛用于修复骨缺损等方面的研究。目的:分析矿化胶原骨及其复合材料的生物学作用,以及其在骨组织再生领域的研究进展。方法:检索CNKI全文数据库、SCIE数据库、PubMed数据库1997年1月至2018年1月发表的相关文献,中文检索词为"矿化胶原骨,材料,骨再生,骨组织工程",英文检索词为"nano-hydroxylapatite/collagen(nHAC),material,bone regeneration,bone tissue engineering"。结果与结论:矿化胶原骨具有良好的生物相容性与引导骨修复作用。由于缺乏骨诱导因子、干细胞等生物活性物质,矿化胶原骨的诱导成骨效果不如自体骨。将矿化胶原骨与生物活性物质复合,可有效增强其骨诱导性能,例如可与天然骨材料,人工骨材料,细胞及血浆,生物因子及药物,多种生物活性物质等。但如何提高其成骨诱导活性,修复大面积复杂骨缺损,同时使其降解速率与成骨速度更加协调平衡需要进一步明确。

BACKGROUND:A nano-hydroxylapatite/collagen(nHAC)is a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering based on the concept of bionics.As its reliable biomechanical properties and good biocompatibility,nHAC has been widely used in bone defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the biological effects and research progress of the nHAC and its mineralized composites in bone tissue engineering.METHODS:The relevant articles published from January 1997 to January 2018 were collected by a computer-based search of CNKI,SCIE,and PubMed databases using the keywords of“nano-hydroxylapatite/collagen(nHAC),material,bone regeneration,bone tissue engineering”in English and Chinese,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:nHAC has good biocompatibility and osteoinduction ability.Compared with autologous bone,nHAC has less osteogenic capacity due to the lack of osteo-inductive biological active substances,such as bone inducing factors and stem cells.Enhancement of osteogenic capacity will be achieved in the nHAC by loading with biomaterials,such as natural bone,artificial bone,cells,plasma,drugs,and bioactive substances.However,it is especially necessary to improve its osteoinduction activity in the repair of large-area bone defects as well as to keep balance between material degradation and osteogenesis needs to be further clarified.