作为合理偏狭的公共性——兼论现代治理的价值导向

Publicness as Reasonable Partiality

公共性是现代治理话语中最为核心的概念之一,公共性被确立为政府的基本价值原则是治理体系的重心从政治转向行政的一个结果。在契约论等主流现代理论中,公共性被理解为政策决策与行动的无偏狭性,即政府应当不偏不倚地对待每一种利益和每一个社会成员。但在客观存在着普遍的不平等的条件下,遵循无偏狭性的要求并不足以保证公共政策与政府行动的公共性,而只是把不平等的社会现实转化为了不平等的政治现实。在很多时候,要供给公共性,政府需要对社会中的不同利益和不同群体采取一种合理的偏狭,通过政府行动的合理偏狭来矫正不平等的社会现实。

Publicness is a core concept in modern discourses of governance and a basic value principle for modern government,which reflects the transition of the center of governing system from politics to administration.Publicness has been understood by some modern theories as the impartiality in policy decision and action,which demands government to treat different interests and people impartially.However,since there is widespread inequality in the real world,following the requirements of impartiality is not enough for a government to ensure the publicness of its policy and action.Rather,it merely transforms the unequal social reality into unequal political reality.In many cases,to supply publicness,government needs to treat different interests and groups of people reasonably partially,so as to rectify the unequal social reality.