肿瘤化疗患者营养不良现状及研究进展

Malnutrition status in chemotherapy cancer patients

我国关于肿瘤化疗患者的症候群研究逐年增多,大量研究表明,大部分肿瘤化疗患者存在恶心、呕吐、食欲下降的副反应,这些症状导致肿瘤化疗患者整体生活质量较低,且极易造成肿瘤化疗患者体重下降与营养不良。营养状况不仅直接影响着肿瘤化疗患者生活质量的好坏,而且与其治疗效果、并发症和临床结局密切相关,因此,肿瘤化疗患者的营养状况,具有重要的临床研究价值与意义。本文针对肿瘤患者化疗期营养不良的发病病因及发病机制、我国肿瘤患者化疗期患者的营养状况现状、营养不良对肿瘤化疗患者的影响、以及营养筛查与评估工具的临床应用现状等方面,进行了综述,以期引起临床对于肿瘤化疗期患者营养状况的关注与重视,进而加强此类患者的营养支持与治疗;以期为临床实际工作中,正确选择及使用营养状况的筛查与评估工具提供参考,预防肿瘤化疗期患者营养不良的发生,达到改善其营养状况的目的,提高肿瘤化疗患者的生活质量,最终改善肿瘤化疗患者的临床结局。

The study of cancer chemotherapy patients syndromes increased year by year in China.Clinical trials revealed that most of cancer chemotherapy patients sufferred form side effects such as nausea,vomiting and decreased appetite.These symptoms leaded to thequality of life declines in cancer chemotherapy patients and can easily cause weight loss and malnutrition.Nutritional status not only influenced directly the quality of life in cancer patients with chemotherapy,but also was related closely to the treatment effect,complications and clinical outcomes.Therefore,the nutritional status of cancer chemotherapy patients has important clinical research value and significance.This article reviewed the etiology and pathogenesis of malnutrition of cancer chemotherapy patients,nutritional status of cancer chemotherapy patients in China,the impact of malnutrition on cancer chemotherapy patients,and clinical application of nutrition screening and assessment tools to attach clinical attention to the nutritional status of patients with cancer chemotherapy,and then strengthen the nutritional support therapy of such patients;To provide reference by choosing and using nutritional status screening and assessment tools in clinical practice,and to prevent the occurrence of malnutrition in patients with chemotherapy,and then to improve their nutritional status,the quality of life of cancer chemotherapy patients,and ultimately improve the clinical outcomes of cancer chemotherapy patients.