秸秆还田与高温闷棚对设施连作土壤微生境及番茄生长发育的影响

Effects of Corn Straw Returning and High-temperature Sealing Treatment on Soil Microhabitats and Tomato Growth

为解决连作障碍,以高温闷棚为主要方式,研究玉米秸秆还田结合高温闷棚[CK:高温闷棚(干闷,不淹水);T1:高温闷棚(湿闷,淹透水);T2:高温闷棚+玉米秸秆(湿闷,淹透水)]对设施番茄生长发育及土壤微生物群落、土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,3个处理中,T2株高、叶绿素含量、光合速率、细胞间隙CO_2浓度明显高于另外2个处理,产量比CK增加38.99%;高通量测序结果表明,3个处理的16S rRNA有效序列数比例在94%以上;聚类分析表明,T1、T2为一个类群,CK为一个类群,是否淹水是影响土壤微生物群落划分的主要因素;微生物群落结构与土壤理化数据具有一定相关性;T1、T2的电导率均显著低于CK,T2有机质明显高于其他2个处理;3个环境因子中SOM影响的微生物群落为芽单胞菌目(Gemmatimonadales),环境因子pH值、EC值呈正相关关系,主要影响的微生物群落为鞘脂单胞菌目(Sphingomonadales)、黄色单胞菌目(Xanthomonadales)。

In order to solve the continuous cropping obstacles,high-temperature sealing treatment was used as the main method to study the effects of it combined with corn straw[CK:High temperature sealing treatment(Dry,not flooded);T1:High temperature sealing treatment(Wet,stuffy flooding);T2:High temperature sealing treatment(Wet,stuffy flooding)+corn stalk]on tomato growth,soil microbial communities and physicochemical properties.The results showed that,the plant height,chlorophyll content,Pn and Ci of T2 were higher than that of the other two treatments,and the yield was 38.99%higher than that of CK;The results of HiSeq showed that the ratio of effective sequences of 16S rRNA in 3 treatments was more than 94%;The results of cluster analysis showed that T1 and T2 were one group,and CK was another group,and whether flooding was the main factor affecting soil microbial community;The microbial community structure had a certain correlation with soil physical and chemical data;The EC of T2 and T1 was significantly lower than that of CK;The T2 organic matter was higher than that of CK and T1;The microbial community affected by SOM among the three environmental factors was Gemmatimonadales;There was a positive correlation between pH and EC,the microbial communities mainly affected were Sphingomonadales and Xanthomonadales.