应用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析饲粮添加乳双歧杆菌对蛋雏鸡盲肠微生物的影响

Effects of diets supplemented with Bifidobacterium lactis on cecum microorganism diversity of layer chicks analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology

试验旨在研究饲粮添加乳双歧杆菌对蛋雏鸡盲肠微生物多样性的影响。选取1日龄健康、体质量相近的罗曼褐蛋公雏216只,随机分成2个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡,对照组饲喂基础饲粮(C组),试验组饲喂基础饲粮另添加乳双歧杆菌制剂(T组,添加量:1×10~7cfu·g^(-1)),试验期42 d。试验结束后,每个处理组随机选取6只鸡,再从中选出体质量相近且状态良好的3只,收集盲肠食糜样,并应用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析盲肠微生物多样性。结果表明:(1)乳双歧杆菌可显著提高雏鸡体质量、平均日增重及平均日采食量(P<0.05)。(2)两组间优势菌门均为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),试验组Firmicutes和Bacteroidetes数量的比值高于对照组。(3)乳双歧杆菌可显著提高Barnesiella、Romboutsia、Butyricicoccus、Lactobacillus等有益菌含量,而显著降低Clostridium sensu stricto、Escherichia-Shigella的含量(P<0.05)。(4)乳双歧杆菌可提高盲肠菌群丰度,显著提高Shannon和Simpson指数(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮添加乳双歧杆菌后,可能通过改变盲肠微生物的组成结构和含量来发挥益生作用。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of diets supplemented with Bifidobacterium lactis on cecal microorganism diversity of layer chicks.A total of 216 healthy 1-day-old Roman male chicks with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 6 replicates per group(18 chicks per replicate).The chicks in control group were fed with a basal diet(group C)and the chicks in treatment group were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1×10 7 cfu·g-1 Bifidobacterium lactis(group T).The experiment lasted for 42 d.After the experiment,6 chicks per group were randomly selected,then the cecal chyme of three healthy chicks with similar body weight among them was collected to analyze cecal microorganism diversity by Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology.The results showed that:1)Bifidobacterium lactis increased the body weight,average daily weight gain and average daily intake significantly(P<0.05).2)The dominant bacteria in the two groups were all Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria;the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes(F∶B)of group T was higher than that of group C.3)Bifidobacterium lactis promoted the growth of probiotics such as Barnesiella,Romboutsia,Butyricicoccus,Lactobacillus and inhibited Clostridium sensu stricto,Escherichia-Shigella significantly(P<0.05).4)Bifidobacterium lactis increased the abundance of cecal microorganism.The Shannon index and Simpson index of group T increased significantly(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding Bifidobacterium lactis in diet may exert probiotics effect by changing the structure and content of cecal microorganisms.