去产能企业职工依赖、就业能力与退出意愿研究

A Study on the Impact of Cutting Overcapacity on Workers' Dependence,Employability and Turnover Intention

在受去产能影响的企业中,职工退出意愿不强会制约安置政策作用的发挥,并可能进一步影响去产能目标的平稳实现。文章利用74家去产能企业1 639名职工的调查数据,从职工主观退出意愿入手,分析去产能企业职工的依赖和就业能力对其退出意愿的影响。研究结果表明,职工退出意愿普遍不强,长期工作和正式身份带来的惯习依赖及身份依赖对其有抑制作用,情感依赖则具有促进作用;职工就业能力中的适应能力、理论知识、人际沟通能力的提高有效提升了其退出意愿,并对职工情感依赖与退出意愿之间关系的调节作用显著。在实证分析的基础上,文章提出促进职工安置的相关政策建议。

The weak willingness of employees to resign from the de-capacity enterprises has constrained the effectiveness of resettlement policies,and may further prevent the realization of de-capacity.Using the survey data of 1639 employees in 74 de-capacity enterprises,the paper analyzes the employees'willingness to resign,and the impacts of their enterprise dependence and reemployment ability.The results show that workers'willingness to resign is not strong on average.The habitual dependence and identity dependence formed in the process of work have a suppressing effect on the willingness.Emotional dependence shows a promoting effect.Adaptability,theoretical knowledge and interpersonal communication skills boost the willingness to resign.In addition,the individuals'employment ability mediates the relationship between dependence and willingness to resign.At the end this paper gives policy recommendation to promote staff placement.