西北干旱区孑遗濒危植物蒙古沙冬青群落特征及与环境因子的关系

Community Characteristics of Endangered Plant of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus to Environmental Factors in Northwest Arid Area of China

蒙古沙冬青是我国西北干旱区植物群落主要建群种之一,对维持西北干旱区脆弱的生态系统起着重要作用。本研究通过样方法对蒙古沙冬青群落物种组成、盖度、多度等植被特征进行了调查与统计分析,并采用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)和冗余分析法(RDA)对其群落特征与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)蒙古沙冬青群落主要由藜科、禾本科、豆科、菊科和蒺藜科树种组成,分属21科50属70种,区系组成以温带、地中海及西亚至中亚分布为主;(2)通过双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN),将17个蒙古沙冬青群落划分为6个群丛类型,分别是蒙古沙冬青—白刺—猪毛蒿群丛、蒙古沙冬青—柠条锦鸡儿—碱蓬群丛、蒙古沙冬青—蒙古扁桃—阿尔泰狗娃花群丛、蒙古沙冬青—酸枣—沙葱群丛、蒙古沙冬青—驼绒藜—黄花蒿及蒙古沙冬青—霸王—骆驼蓬群丛;(3)通过冗余分析法(RDA),排序得到环境因子与蒙古沙冬青植物群落物种多样性的关系,环境因子的交互作用是影响蒙古沙冬青群落物种多样性的主要原因。

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is one of the constructive species in northwest arid area of China,it is important for ecologically fragile in northwest arid area.We studied the communities of species composition,density and coverage of A.mongolicus using a sample plot method in filed,and analyzed the relationships between plant community and environmental factors.They were classified by the two-way indicator species analysis method(TWINSPAN)and redundancy analysis(RDA).The results show that:(1)There are 21 families and 50 genera and 70 species of A.mongolicus community in which the species numbers of Chenopodiaceae,Gramineae,Leguminosae,Compositae and Zygophyllaceae.The flora of community of A.mongolicus is mainly distributed in Temperate,Mdeiteranean and Central Asia to west Asia;(2)Based the two-way indicator species analysis method(TWINSPAN),17 quadrats were classified into 6 associations,they are Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Nitraria tangutorum-Artemisia scoparia,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Caragana korshinskii-Suaeda glauca,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Amygdalus mongolica-Heteropappus altaicus,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Ziziphus jujuba var.Spinosa-Allium mongolicum,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Ceratoides latens-Artemisia annua,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus-Sarcozygium xanthoxylon-Peganum harmala;(3)The main influencing factors for A.mongolicus community is the interaction of environment factors.