中国与国际和平规范格局的重塑:以非洲为分析对象

China and the Remodeling of the Peace-building Norm:A Case Study of China's African Policies

中国对国际维和建和的作用不仅体现于物质性贡献,更体现在理念层面对规范格局的重塑。以非洲为例,当前维和建和的规范格局表现为"自由和平理念深受实践和理论的质疑但仍处于霸权地位,非洲本土规范在局部地区成效良好但并未获得足够重视"。中国在非洲的加入和崛起正在贡献一种可称为"自主发展和平"的新理念。它根植于中国自身的历史经验,表现出不同于西方"自由和平"的内容特点,并且通过自我表述、话语批判和实践行动等机制影响和重塑国际和平建设的规范格局。这一理念更契合非洲的本土规范和现实需求,它正冲击传统"自由和平"的垄断地位,连同非洲本土规范一起,逐步推动国际和平规范走向务实和综合的新方向。

China’s role in international peace-keeping and peace-building is not only visible in material contribution,but also reflected on the level of norm reshaping.As far as Africa is concerned,the norm structure in the continent can be described as“the liberal peace paradigm has been the hegemonic norm but falls in practical and theoretical predicament;at the same time,the African indigenous peace approach quietly achieves success in some areas of the continent but is still marginalized”.The rise of China’s influence in Africa is offering a new paradigm,which I term as“selfowned developmental peace approach”.This new paradigm is rooted in the distinctly Chinese historical experience,which shows different characteristics from the Western peace paradigm.It is remodeling the norm structure of international peace-building in three ways:self-expression,discourse criticism and practical action.Because the new paradigm is more responsive and closer to the African indigenous peace approach and practical demand,it is challenging the hegemonic position of liberal peace and,along with the African indigenous peace approach,pushing the norm of peace-building towards the new direction of pragmatism and hybridization.