实验大鼠和小鼠多种细菌PCR检测与分析

Investigation of various bacteria in laboratory rats and mice by PCR assay

目的调查上海市实验动物生产设施大鼠、小鼠细菌携带状况。方法比较国内外实验动物细菌监测方案,选取螺杆菌、啮齿柠檬酸杆菌、牛棒状杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和肺炎克雷伯杆菌作为检测项目,分别于2014年和2016年收集样品共计848份,采用PCR方法对上述6种病原体进行检测。结果 SPF级设施均无金黄色葡萄球菌污染,清洁级设施2014年无肺炎克雷伯杆菌污染,其它病原体在不同级别设施内均有不同程度的污染,所有清洁级设施均存在螺杆菌和牛棒状杆菌污染。螺杆菌、啮齿柠檬酸杆菌和牛棒状杆菌在不同级别动物上均检出阳性。螺杆菌、绿脓杆菌阳性率呈下降趋势,而啮齿柠檬酸杆菌、牛棒状杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌阳性率则呈上升趋势。结论本研究全面、系统地分析了上海地区实验大鼠、小鼠细菌携带状况,为提高实验动物质量和饲养管理水平起促进作用,为我国实验动物国家标准的修订和完善提供依据和参考。

Objective To investigate bacterial infection in laboratory rats and mice from production facilities in Shanghai.Methods Programs for monitoring bacteria in laboratory animals were compared between China and elsewhere.A total of 848 samples were collected from the laboratory animal production facilities of Shanghai from 2014 to 2016.Helicobacter spp.,C.rodentium,C.bovis,S.aureus,P.aeruginosa,and K.pneumoniae were tested by PCR for the monitoring project.Results S.aureus contamination was not identified in SPF facilities in 2014 and 2016.K.pneumoniae contamination was not identified in clean level facilities in 2014.There were different degrees of contamination by other pathogens in facilities of different levels.Helicobacter spp.and C.bovis could be detected in all clean level facilities.Helicobacter spp.,C.rodentium,and C.bovis were detected in animals at all levels.The rates of positivity for Helicobacter spp.and P.aeruginosa declined over time,but those of C.rodentium,C.bovis,and K.pneumoniae rose.Conclusions This study investigated the prevalence of bacteria in rats and mice in Shanghai from 2014 to 2016.This work should promote the quality of laboratory animals and the levels of feeding and management,and also provide an important reference for the optimization of standards for laboratory animals.