基于楔形模型的波形结构属性特征研究

Study on the characteristics of waveform structure attributes based on wedge model

随着石油勘探领域的快速发展,勘探精度要求越来越高,关于薄层的定量解释也亟待解决。这里提出在自适应时窗上提取波形结构属性,并建议利用此方法对薄层作定量解释。首先基于楔形模型介绍地震垂向分辨率问题;其次给出波形结构属性的定义与方法原理;最后着重分析固定时窗、半个峰谷时窗、自适应时窗对波形结构属性提取的影响,并详细分析波形结构属性随楔形厚度的变化情况。通过理论模型的建立、波形结构属性的提取分析得出结论:在自适应时窗上提取波形结构属性,更能反映波形随楔形厚度的变化,并有效地刻画了振幅随时间的变化,其实质也是在提高地震垂向分辨率,有助于对薄层作定性和定量的分析与解释。

With the rapid development of petroleum exploration field,the demand of exploration precision is higher,a quantitative interpretation of thin layer need to be addressed.This paper proposes that extracting the waveform structure attributes in the Self-adaptive window,and suggested that this method can be used for quantitative interpretation of thin layer.First,the seismic vertical resolution is introduced based on the wedge model;Secondly,the definition and principle of waveform structure attribute is given;Finally,the effect of time window for the waveform structure attribute has been discussed,such as,fixed window,half peak and trough window,self-adaptive window.Then,the variation characteristics of waveform structure attribute analysis with the thickness of the wedge is analyzed.This paper draws the conclusion based on the theoretical model:self-adaptive window is good option for waveform structure attributes extraction to reflect the change of the waveform with the thickness of the wedge,effectively depict the amplitude changes over time,its essence is to improve the vertical resolution,help to make qualitative and quantitative analysis and explanation of thin layer.