电主轴温升分析及实验研究

Temperature Analysis and Experimental Research of CNC Machine Tools

为了研究电主轴在工作时温度变化规律,文章结合能量守恒和热平衡原理,建立了电主轴温度随时间变化的模型,得出时间—温升规律符合指数规律;当电主轴结构、材料及工作环境确定的情况下,电主轴达到热平衡所需时间是不变的。通过对某型号数控机床设计温度采集方案,在机床电主轴上布置温度传感器,采集了不同转速下的温度值,分析实验结果可得电主轴的温升随着转速升高而增大;时间—温升变化规律和所建立的数学模型相一致;该模型可以对机床电主轴的温度变化情况进行预测,为研究机床关键热源的热特性提供了理论依据。

In order to study the change law of the temperature of the electric spindle at work.Combining the conservation of energy and the principle of heat balance,the model of the temperature variation of the spindle is established in this paper,and the time temperature rise law is found to be in accordance with the exponential law.When the structure,material and working environment of the motorized spindle are determined,the time required for the electric spindle to reach the heat balance is constant.The temperature sensor is arranged on the spindle of a machine tool by the design of temperature acquisition scheme for a certain type of numerical control machine tool,and the temperature values at different rotational speeds are collected.The experimental results show that the temperature rise of the spindle increases with the speed rising,and the time temperature rise law is consistent with the mathematical model established.The model can predict the temperature change of the spindle,and provide a theoretical basis for the study of the thermal characteristics of the key heat source of the machine tool.