基于LCA的机械产品绿色设计中材料优化选择评价研究

Study on Evaluation of Material Optimum Selection in Green Design of Mechanical Products Based on LCA

在机械产品绿色设计中,合理的选择材料是首要环节。而机械产品中材料的选择是一个多准则、多指标、多方案的优化决策问题。文章基于材料选择的LCA过程特点,对绿色设计中材料的机械性能、工艺性能、经济性能、及环境协调性能4个指标进行分析,建立了基于LCA的机械产品绿色设计中材料选择评价指标体系。运用层次分析法(AHP)与熵权法相结合求得主客观综合权重,再利用理想点(TOPIP)根据各方案与最理想方案之间的贴进度大小来确定最优材料方案。最后,结合实例验证该方法的可行性。

In the green design of mechanical products,a reasonable choice of materials is the primary link.The choice of material in mechanical products is a multi-criteria,multi-index,multi-program optimization decision problem.Basing on the LCA process characteristics of the material selection,the mechanical performance,process performance,economic performance and environmental coordination performance of the material in green design were analyzed,and the evaluation index system of material selection based on LCA in the green design of mechanical products was established.Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and entropy weight method were used to obtain the objective material comprehensive weight,and then the ideal point method(TOPIP)was used to determine the optimal material scheme according to the size of the schedule between the scheme and the ideal scheme.Finally,an example was given to verify the feasibility of the method.