企业间存在全要素生产率的溢出吗?--基于中国工业企业数据的考察

Are There Inter-enterprises Total Factor Productivity Spillover?An Investigation Based on China′s Industrial Enterprises Data

本文利用中国工业企业数据库,结合空间计量分析方法研究微观企业全要素生产率(TFP)溢出问题,构建能够反映企业TFP溢出机制的两类空间权重矩阵,实证分析了企业间存在的TFP溢出现象。结果表明:企业间TFP正向溢出现象是显著存在的,并且企业TFP具有明显的滞后效应,前一期的TFP水平对当期TFP具有显著的正向影响。固定窗宽的滚动估计表明,中国制造业企业间的TFP溢出效应随着时间的推移逐渐增强。东、中、西地区和高、中、低技术行业企业间的TFP溢出效应强度存在依次递减的特征。其中,电子信息及装备制造业溢出程度最大,烟饮食品制造业溢出程度最小。

In this paper,we use the"China′s industrial enterprise database"to research on the problem of total factor productivity(TFP)spillover in micro enterprise based on spatial econometric analysis.We construct two kinds of spatial weight matrix which can reflect the TFP spillover mechanism of enterprises.It is proved that the TFP spillover phenomenon exists in the enterprise.Results show that the positive spillover of TFP between enterprises is significant,and that the TFP has a significant lag effect.The TFP level of the previous period has a significant positive impact on the current TFP.The scrolling-regression with fixed window width also shows the expand trend of the inter-enterprises spillover effects.The TFP spillover effect of the east,middle,west regions and of the high,medium,low technology industries are characterized by a decrease in its intensity.Among such industries,the electronic information and equipment manufacturing industry is the largest in spillover,and the food manufacturing industry is the least.