国际机制的重叠现象及其影响与启示——以湄公河地区的国际合作机制为例

Influence and Enlightenment of the Overlap of International Regimes: In the Case of International Cooperation Regimes in the Mekong Region

二战后,在全球化不断深入发展的背景之下,国际机制成为全球治理的重要方式。虽然逆全球化或成为扰乱当今世界发展的一股暗流,但构建高效的国际机制仍然是国际社会共同应对挑战、化解危机、深化合作的重要途径。但是当前,国际机制众多,机制关系复杂,机制重叠现象突出,尤其是国际机制在行为主体、问题领域和功能治理层面的重叠,严重限制了国际机制作用的有效发挥。湄公河地区地缘位置独特,历来为大国地缘博弈之地,致使该地区双边与多边国际机制众多,机制重叠现象尤为突出。2016年,中方推出澜湄合作机制后,得到柬、越、泰、缅、老等五国的积极响应。但是,如何面对该地区日趋严重的机制重叠现象,成为摆在澜湄合作机制建设面前的首要任务。针对湄公河地区各类国际合作机制的重叠问题,本文认为在行为体上调整机制布局、在问题领域增进协商合作、在功能治理上创新合作途径是未来澜湄合作机制在众多国际机制中脱颖而出、提高竞争力的关键。

Since World War II,international regimes have become the main way of global governance in the background of regionalization and globalization.Although anti-globalization might have become an undercurrent disrupting the development of the world,the construction of efficient international regimes still makes an important way for the international community to deal with challenges,address risks and deepen cooperation.However,there exist many international regimes with complex relations,and the overlap of regimes is prominent.In particular,the effective functioning of international regimes has been severely restricted by overlaps of actors,issue areas and functional governance in international regimes.With unique geopolitical position,the Mekong region has always been a land of the game among great powers.As a result,there are many bilateral and multilateral international regimes,which prominently overlap with each other.In 2016,China proposed the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)regime,and it was warmly received by Cambodia,Vietnam,Thailand,Myanmar,and Laos.Looking for approaches to deal with increasingly serious overlap of regimes in this region,however,has become the primary task in the construction of the LMC regime.The paper argues that adjusting the regimes layout in the actors,propelling the coordination and cooperation in the issue areas,and innovating the cooperation mechanism in the functional governance are key factors for the LMC regime to stand out from the international regimes and enhance its competitiveness.