基于知识图谱分析跑步过程中的生物力学的变化与特征

Biomechanical characteristics of running based on knowledge mapping

背景:国内对于跑的生物力学研究相对较少,研究内容主要集中在竞技体育中短跑或长跑的跑步技术中。目的:利用Cite Space与文献计量学理论对跑的生物力学研究基本情况、脉络进行分析与回顾总结。方法:以WebofScience^(TM)数据库中涉及跑的生物力学研究文献为主要内容进行检索。检索主题为跑(run~*)、慢跑(jog~*)、冲刺(sprint~*)和马拉松(marathon~*)与主题为生物力学(biomechanics)的交集。时间跨度为1985至2017年。利用Cite Space V和文献计量学理论对跑的生物力学研究基本情况与进展进行分析。结果与结论:跑的生物力学研究在2004年后呈逐年上升的趋势,主要的研究国家为美国、英国、澳大利亚;跑的生物力学的主要研究领域包含体育科学、工程、骨科、生命科学生物医学其他专题;其研究主要内容可囊括为:基本步态、髌股关节疼痛综合征、着地模式、前交叉韧带损伤、肌肉力学性质、不同鞋履跑的特点以及跑的稳定性。不同鞋履的运动表现与跑的着地方式已成为研究热点,也是未来的研究趋势。

BACKGROUND:Most studies focus on the technical characteristics of sprinting or running in competitive sports,but biomechanical researches are few in China.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the status and development trend of biomechanics of running using CiteSpaceV and bibliometrics theory.METHODS:Literature concerning biomechanics of running in the database of Web of Science?and published between 1985 and 2017 was retrieved.The keywords were“run,jog,sprint,marathon and biomechanics”.The basic situation and progress of biomechanical research on running were analyzed using CiteSpaceV and bibliometrics theory.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biomechanical research has been increasing since 2004.The main research countries are the United States,Britain,and Australia.The main fields of research in running biomechanics are sports science,engineering,orthopedics and life sciences.The main contents of the research include basic gait,patellofemoral joint pain syndrome,landing pattern,anterior cruciate ligament injury,muscle mechanics,different shoe running characteristics and running stability.The performance of different sports shoes and the lading way have become a research hotspot and a future research trend.