民生公共服务的国民“获得感”:测量与解析——基于MIMIC模型的经验证据

The Obtained Sense from the Minsheng Public Services: Measurement and Explanation

目前还缺少测量人民"获得感"并解析其影响因素的量化研究。论文使用CGSS2013年数据,从便利性、充足性、普惠性、均等性四个方面测量了8项民生公共服务带给民众的"获得感"。全国简单均值2. 98、加权因子值9. 54,只有最大值的60%。这说明民众"获得感"还有较大提升空间。MIMIC模型估计结果显示,城乡基础设施、社会保障、医疗卫生、公共文体、基本社会服务、住房保障、公共教育等7项民生公共服务的供给短板对"获得感"的影响显著为负,短板每增加1分,获得感将分别降低0. 75%、0. 53%、0. 50%、0. 41%、0. 33%、0. 23%、0. 23%。收入增长能带来更高的"获得感",高收入、低收入群体的民生服务"获得感"更高,但中等收入群体的"获得感"相对更低;社会公平、机会公平对"获得感"都具有显著正向影响。最后提出增强"获得感"的政策建议。

Little quantitative research has been done to measure and explainChinese citizensobtained sense,a new concept in China.This study used CGSS data from 2013 to measures respondentsobtained sense about eight Minsheng public service programs in terms of their convenience,adequacy,coverage,and equity.The national obtained senses mean score was 298 and the weighted factor score was 954;both are 60%of their maximum scale scores.This indicates that there is great gap in the promotionof citizensobtained sense.The estimated results from the MIMIC model demonstrate that Minsheng public services,including urban and rural basic infrastructures,social security,medical and health service,basic social service,housing,and public education,had a significantly negative effect on obtained sense.A relatively low score on even one of the above seven public service would reduce obtained sense by 075%,053%,050%,041%,033%,023%,and 023%,respectively.Meanwhile,citizens with higher incomeshad a higher obtained sense,and both high-and low-income cohorts hada higher obtained sense compared to the median income cohort.Society equity and opportunity equity both hada significantly positive effect on obtained sense.This article proposes three main policy suggestions for promoting the obtained sense.