2株兼具除臭功能的纤维素降解细菌的分离鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Two Strains of Cellulose-decomposing Bacterium with the Function of Deodorization

研究旨在筛选高效纤维素降解菌,用于提高养殖废弃物堆肥效果和利用价值。利用羧甲基纤维素钠选择性培养基结合革兰氏碘液水解圈测定法,初步分离纤维素降解菌;经纤维素酶(滤纸酶FPA、内切葡聚糖苷酶Cen、外切葡聚糖苷酶Cex、葡萄糖苷酶BG)活性测定,筛选到2株(X-1、X-6)具有高效纤维素降解能力的细菌,其中X-1的纤维素酶活力较高,震荡培养4d后其FPA、Cen、Cex和BG的酶活分别为77.97、105.58、135.64和109.87IU/mL。结果表明,X-1、X-6对H_2S和NH_3的清除能力分别达到40%以上。经菌落形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定菌株X-1为类芽孢杆菌属中的灿烂类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus lautus),菌株X-6为芽孢杆菌属中的烟酸芽胞杆菌(Bacillus niacini)。

To obtain efficient cellulose-decomposing microorganisms,improve fertilizer effect and utility value of the husbandry waste,samples were collected from biological filter of a waste treatment plant and were used to preliminarily screen cellulose-decomposing bacterium by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose medium(CMC),combining with Gram's iodine solution hydrolysis circle measurement.By measuring cellulase activities,including filter paper activity(FPA),endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase(Cen),exo-1,4-β-D-glucanase(Cex)andβ-1,4-glucosidase(BG),two strains of bacteria(X-1,X-6)with powerful cellulose-decomposing abilities were isolated.In which,the strain X-1 shows higher cellulase activities,its FPA,Cen,Cex and BG activities reached 77.97,105.58,135.64 and 109.87 IU/mL respectively,after shaking culture at 30℃for 4 days.The results of deodorization experiments showed that the absorbance capacity of H2S and NH3 of strain X-1 and X-6 were over 40%,respectively.Based on the morphological observation,physiological and biological characteristics,and the results of 16S rDNA sequencing analysis,X-1 and X-6 were identified as Paenibacillus lautu and Bacillus niacini,respectively.